It is urgent to vigorously promote the development

It is urgent to vigorously promote the development of green packaging. 2

the impact of international green packaging system on China's commodity exports

the green packaging system in most developed countries is implemented through various domestic laws, regulations and measures. However, inappropriate policies and measures and the gap between national standards also have a great negative impact on China's export trade

1) challenges of packaging material requirements

first, the environmental protection laws and regulations of Europe and the United States and other countries have high requirements and standards for the ease of handling and recyclability of commodity packaging materials. The packaging materials are required to be safe first, and then harmless to human body and the natural environment. China's packaging materials are backward, difficult to handle, low recyclability, and serious environmental pollution to importing countries, which has caused many products in China to be unable to export due to packaging problems. Secondly, the environmental protection regulations of Europe and the United States and other countries have put forward higher requirements for animal and plant quarantine, which stipulates that the packaging produced by some natural materials should be subject to sanitation and animal and plant quarantine to prevent the transmission of animal and plant diseases and pests. China's packaging materials are poor in quality and do not pay attention to the above requirements. Wood, straw and other materials are also widely used in the packaging of some export products. They are not only crude in appearance, but also often criticized and restricted by importing countries because they contain diseases and pests, and even often affect the export of relevant products because they fail to pass animal and plant quarantine. Among them, the problem of wood packaging is the most prominent. In mid September, 1998, the United States Department of agriculture proposed that untreated wood was used in the packaging of China's export commodities, bringing the Asian region's long thorn bee into the United States. The Ministry issued a 90 day ultimatum to China, requiring Chinese goods to change packaging within this period, otherwise the goods using the above packaging materials will be banned from exporting to the United States after December 17 of the same year. The move had a chain reaction. After the United States put forward new quarantine regulations on the wooden packaging of Chinese goods leaving our ports for the United States in September 1998, the Canadian government also decided to put forward new quarantine requirements on the wooden packaging of Chinese exports in November 1998. On June 1st, 1999, it was stipulated that the wooden packaging of all goods from China should not contain bark and worm holes with a diameter greater than 3mm. The wooden packaging must be dried to make the moisture content of wood less than 20%, which also posed a severe challenge to the products exported to Europe

2) challenges of product packaging label regulations

the European Union has been setting obstacles to the import of foreign crystals through product packaging and labeling legislation. In addition to higher requirements for animal and plant products, the European Union has very high requirements for the environmental protection of China's exported textiles and packaging materials, because the European Union has the highest awareness of environmental protection, especially for products harmful to human health and the environment. For example, for inflammables, explosives, corrosive crystals and drugs, the law stipulates that their packaging and labels should meet a series of special marking requirements. According to Law No. 75-1349 issued on December 31, 1975, French is mandatory for label instructions, advertising leaflets, user manuals, warranty sheets and other information materials of all goods. For processed food, French law stipulates that accurate product instructions must be printed in French on the outer package of food packaging: including manufacturer name, packer and vendor, country of origin, quantity, ingredient list, etc., additives must also be indicated, and the date must be indicated on the outside of the box of canned or semi-finished products. The EU also requires ecological labels on imported products such as textiles. At present, the most popular ecological label in the EU is Oko tex Standard 100, which is the pass for textiles to enter the European textile crystal market. CE mark is the pass for industrial products to enter the EU market. The mechanical and electrical products involved in the "new plan for technical coordination and standards" include household radios, televisions, mobile wireless devices, medical scientific instruments, information technology equipment, lamps and lanterns, etc. The export of mechanical and electrical products in China, such as radios, televisions and lamps, ranks first in the world, and is mainly sold to Europe, America, Japan and other countries. Since January 1st, 1996, the customs of EU countries have the right to refuse the entry of products without CE mark. With the implementation of the EU CE mark, Australia has begun to implement similar practices, and the United States, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, China, and the Commonwealth of Great Britain will also imitate the practices of the EU. Therefore, this chain reaction will make it more difficult for China to export mechanical and electrical products

3 countermeasures for "greening" of packaging industry

developing green packaging is the general trend of the world's packaging industry. It is the only way to establish a green packaging industry system and make packaging "green"

1) actively develop green packaging materials

packaging materials for export goods can only be allowed to be imported into the importing country if they meet the regulations of the importing country, otherwise the customs of the importing country will not release them. Many countries restrict or impose mandatory supervision and management on the packaging materials of imported goods in the form of regulations. For example, the United States stipulates that straw should not be used in the packaging of imported goods, otherwise it will be forcibly burned. Please call to consult and destroy. For this reason, in the selection of packaging materials, one is to avoid the use of toxic materials. Pigments, dyes, paints, etc. used on packaging containers or labels shall be made of raw materials that do not contain heavy metals. As adhesives for bonding materials, they shall not contain toxic or toxic components, but also be easy to decompose during separation. The second is to use recycled materials as much as possible. At present, most of the recyclable recycled materials used internationally are recycled paper, such as recycled cartons, molded pulp, peak pulp paperboard and paper tubes made from recycled waste paper. Third, actively develop plant packaging materials. Plants can basically continue to reproduce continuously, and the extensive use of plants generally will not cause harm to the environment, ecological balance and resource maintenance, which is favored by the international packaging market. Fourth, choose a single packaging material. In this way, the material can be disassembled without using special tools, and the recovery and separation time can be saved, avoiding the difficulties of recovery and separation caused by the use of bonding methods

2) move closer to the international in terms of environmental signs

is014000 international standard of environmental management system stipulates that any country can refuse to import products that do not meet the standard, so that products that do not meet the standard are excluded from international trade. China's environmental labeling system has a small variety of products, which is far from meeting the needs of the development of foreign trade. Therefore, the first is to actively promote the IS014000 international standard and strengthen the implementation of the green scheme for export packaging products from design to production process to recycling and reuse. By establishing and implementing the environmental management certification system, pollution can be controlled from the source, energy conservation and yak reduction, pollution treatment costs can be reduced, and comprehensive social and economic benefits can be brought to enterprises. Second, we should actively implement the environmental labeling system for products, so that more export commodities can further develop the ability to reduce VOC emissions on the basis of environmental standard certification, and even exceed the current requirements of OEM for thermal stability. Because of their high sensor accuracy (some up to 1.1 million), countries can also test the environmental labeling of friction coefficient, so that more export commodities can surpass the "green barrier", Obtain the international pass for product export

5) highlight the connotation of environmental protection in packaging design

the primary work of promoting green packaging is green packaging design, which directly affects the packaging form, the selection and use of packaging materials, and the disposal of packaging waste. The overall requirements for green packaging design should not only emphasize the functions of packaging protection and display, but also add environmental protection and psychological functions. Training on export packaging design - we should be well aware of the environmental protection laws and regulations of the target market countries, the depth of consumers' environmental protection consumption concept, green organization activities, and the development trend of environmental protection packaging, so as to fully consider these factors in packaging design. Many of China's export commodities fail to meet the environmental protection requirements of the importing country, one of the important reasons is that they do not understand the relevant environmental protection laws and regulations of the importing country and the intensity of consumers' environmental protection awareness. For example, the Australian Bureau of epidemic prevention stipulates that samples can be subject to constant pressure during all testing periods, and fumigation certificates are required for all imported goods packed in wooden cases. If these factors are not considered in the packaging design, it is difficult to avoid export obstruction. In addition, the design of packaging decoration, patterns and colors should highlight the atmosphere of environmental protection, so as to adapt to the modern consumption psychology of foreign consumers to protect and beautify the environment, so as to achieve the purpose of expanding marketing

4) increase investment and improve the level of packaging technology

at present, because the state has no clear preferential policies for investment, credit and tax on packaging environmental protection projects, it is unable to attract large-scale social and private investment, and the investment in science and technology is insufficient, resulting in a serious lack of scientific and technological talents in the packaging industry and weak technological development capacity. According to incomplete statistics, the proportion of professional technicians in the packaging industry is only about 2%, which is much lower than the national average of 6.8%. Moreover, due to the weak scientific and technological development ability and scattered strength of the packaging industry, the function of mutual cooperation is difficult to play, resulting in a large number of scientific and technological achievements not being applied to the production of packaging. The technical basis of the packaging industry is generally composed of packaging material processing technology, packaging machinery manufacturing technology and packaging containers. At present, the technical strength of the packaging industry is mainly concentrated in the production of packaging containers, while the technical countermeasures for packaging materials and packaging machinery are only expected to be solved by the general raw material production department and the general machinery production department. This situation is increasingly unable to adapt to the development of packaging industry technology. Therefore, green packaging requires relevant environmental protection technology departments and packaging manufacturers to increase technical input, strengthen the research on green packaging technologies such as packaging degradation technology, recycling and reuse technology, production substitution technology, and the development of packaging waste treatment and comprehensive utilization technology and equipment, carry out production reform, and deal with green barriers with excellent technical level. (text/Zhang Yanwen, School of economics and trade, Hubei University of Economics)